Identity comes from our own individual experiences we have. We create a range of different identities that change depending on the context we find ourselves in and our relationship with other people.2) Complete the task on page 2: suggest media texts that could reinforce that someone is non-mainstream; edgy; a pleasure seeker; fashionable; witty and fun; cutting-edge.
Non-mainstream - usually not the 'trend' and usually not what everybody else is doing. original and individual.
Edgy - tense, nervous, or irritable.
News coverage talking about results day.
Someone who wants to become a 'footballer'.
Fashionable - characteristic of, influenced by, or representing a current popular style.
Fashion Magazine.
Witty and Fun
Cutting-edge
3) What examples are suggested for a case study on urban youth?
- The Jeremy Kyle Show
- Harry Brown
- Eden Lake
- Ben Drew
Richard Hebdige says that youth cultures show their resistance to the dominant culture through their style choices. Urban youth can show itself to be outside the mainstream by adopting the uniform that is feared by mainstream culture and they learn about this fear in the media representations.
5) What other theorists are referenced alongside Hebdige? How do they link to the issue of youth identity?
The media continues to represent these youths as deviant in an attempt to reinforce mainstream values (Acland) but of course these representations are constructed by people outside this group (Perkins) and in this case can be seen to be a reflection of adult culture’s fear of urban youth (Giroux).
Acland - The mainstream values of youth is that they all are violent and are always up to no good.
Perkins - This is mainly thought of by the elder public people, for example, parents of whom have teenage children.
Giroux - Fear is shown by the use of social media etc, as they're may be talks about youth in certain articles etc.
6) How can we link our Year 12 case study on Ill Manors to youth and identity? What specific examples from the case study could be used to discuss Hebdige’s theory that youth culture challenges mainstream culture and dominant ideologies?
From the movie Ill Manors, in my opinion, we hardly don't see anything that is challenging Hebdifge's theory. Throughout the movie, we see all these youths getting up to no good which is reinforcing what the media is talking about on how youths are always violent etc. However, one thing which challenges mainstream media is where the character Ed, in the end of the movie, went into the burning building to save a baby and died as he jumped out of the big building. However, even though we saw him as this violent drug dealer, he still scarified his own life to help a young child.
7) What does theorist David Gauntlett suggest regarding the media’s influence over the construction of identities?
David Gauntlett claims that the media have influence on identity construction and so the way the media stereotypes groups may become part of how individuals see themselves and media institutions are able to use this to sell their products.
8) Do you agree that Hebdige’s view that youth culture will always seek to resist mainstream culture and challenge dominant ideologies?
In my opinion, I disagree with this statement as I believe that to some extent, there will always be some youths around the world which would reinforce the dominant ideologies by looking like a criminal. Also, I believe that this will not change over the years as there are many people who are always being influenced by things such as crimes etc.
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